Role of Phytochemicals in Neurotrophins Mediated Regulation of Alzheimer’s Disease

The progressive dementia and deterioration of cognitive functions have been characterised as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The most common causes of Alzheimer’s disease include aging, nutrition, and toxins. It has been reported to be an unsolved sociomedical problem because of their lack of proper treatment in present scenario. The plant based principles and phytochemicals from traditional herbs might delay the onset or/ and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. The phytochemicals may help recovery from Alzheimer’s disease because of their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiamyloidogenic properties by regulating mitochondrial stress, apoptotic factors, free radical scavenging system, and neurotrophic factors. Neurotrophins (BDNF, NT4/5, NT3, and NGF) play important roles (neuronal and non-neuronal responses) in Alzheimer’s disease and their depletion accelerates the progression of the disease. Therefore, neurotrophins targeted treatment may act as better strategy to treat Alzheimer’s disease. This review presents an updated account of the information available on the phytochemicals mediated signaling pathways (neurotrophin mediated activation of Trk receptors) involved in neuroprotection. The currently available literature suggests that enough attention should be paid towards their clinical trials which still remain to be established. It is necessary to prove the neuroprotective efficacy of such phytochemicals in different preclinical models including humans.